Package: httkexamples 0.0.1

httkexamples: High-Throughput Toxicokinetics Examples

High throughput toxicokinetics ("HTTK") is the combination of 1) chemical-specific in vitro measurements or in silico predictions and 2) generic mathematical models, to predict absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion by the body. HTTK methods have been described by Pearce et al. (2017) (<doi:10.18637/jss.v079.i04>) and Breen et al. (2021) (<doi:10.1080/17425255.2021.1935867>). Here we provide examples (vignettes) applying HTTK to solve various problems in bioinformatics, toxicology, and exposure science. In accordance with Davidson-Fritz et al. (2025) (<doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0321321>), whenever a new HTTK model is developed, the code to generate the figures evaluating that model is added as a new vignettte.

Authors:John Wambaugh [aut, cre], Robert Pearce [aut], Caroline Ring [aut], Greg Honda [aut], Matt Linakis [aut], Dustin Kapraun [aut], Kimberly Truong [aut], Meredith Scherer [aut], Annabel Meade [aut], Celia Schacht [aut], Elaina Kenyon [ctb]

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DESCRIPTION |NEWS
card.svg |card.png
httkexamples/json (API)

# Install 'httkexamples' in R:
install.packages('httkexamples', repos = c('https://wambaughul.r-universe.dev', 'https://cloud.r-project.org'))
Datasets:
  • abraham2024 - Abraham et al. 2024 Abraham et al. (2024) (doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.109047 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109047>) determined the half-lives of 15 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in a single male volunteer.
  • armitage_input - Parameters for in vitro distribution analysis in Honda et al. (2019) Honda et al. (2019) (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0217564 <https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217564>) used the Armitage et al. (2014) (doi:10.1021/es501955g <https://doi.org/10.1021/es501955g>) mass-balance model to predict the impact of in vitro partitioning on free chemical concentrations.
  • aylward2014 - Aylward et al. 2014
  • concentration_data_Linakis2020 - Concentration data involved in Linakis 2020 vignette analysis.
  • dermal.nonvolatilechems - Non-volatile chemicals with ToxCast data Meade et al. (submitted) performed in vitro-in vivo extrapolation for dermal exposures assuming 8 hours of exposure via hands submerged in a liquid with 1 ppm of chemical. These were the chemicals analyzed.
  • dermal.toxcast - Chemicals with ToxCast data for Meade et al. (submitted) chemicals Meade et al. (submitted) performed in vitro-in vivo extrapolation for dermal exposures assuming 8 hours of exposure via hands submerged in a liquid with 1 ppm of chemical. These are the ToxCast in vitro screening data for those chemicals.
  • dermalCvT2025 - Toxicokinetic concentration vs. time (CvT) data for Meade et al. (submitted) chemicals Meade et al. (submitted) evaluated a generic PBTK model for dermal exposure using in vivo CvT data curated from the literature. These data will eventually be incorporated in the the CvTdb (Sayre et al., 2020, doi:10.1038/s41597-020-0455-1 <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0455-1>).
  • Dimitrijevic.IVD - Dimitrijevic et al. (2022)In Vitro Cellular and Nominal Concentration
  • fetalpcs - Fetal Partition Coefficients
  • Frank2018invivo - Literature In Vivo Data on Doses Causing Neurological Effects
  • howgate - Howgate et al.
  • huh2011 - Huh et al. 2011 Huh et al. (2011) (doi:10.3109/00498254.2011.598582 <https://doi.org/10.3109/00498254.2011.598582>) provided interspecies allometric scaling parameters for whole body clearance for a a variety of pharmaceuticals.
  • johnson - Johnson et al.
  • meade2025 - Simulation outputs from Meade et al. (submitted) Meade et al. (submitted) performed generic PBTK simulations for dermal exposure under a variety of assumptions. Although the code to recreate these simulations is provided, it is time-intensive. The 2025 outputs from the simulations are stored in this list of data.frames.
  • metabolism_data_Linakis2020 - Metabolism data involved in Linakis et al. 2020 (doi:10.1038/s41370-020-0238-y <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-0238-y>) vignette analysis.
  • Obach2008 - Published Pharmacokinetic Parameters from Obach et al. 2008
  • onlyp - NHANES Exposure Data
  • pc.data - Partition Coefficient Data
  • pharma - DRUGS|NORMAN: Pharmaceutical List with EU, Swiss, US Consumption Data
  • pksim.pcs - Partition Coefficients from PK-Sim
  • pregnonpregaucs - AUCs for Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women
  • Scherer2025.IVD - Literature Measurements of In Vitro Cellular and Nominal Concentration
  • supptab1_Linakis2020 - Supplementary output from Linakis 2020 vignette analysis.
  • supptab2_Linakis2020 - More supplementary output from Linakis 2020 vignette analysis.
  • thyroid.ac50s - ToxCast thyroid-related bioactivity data
  • truong25.seem3 - SEEM3 Example Data for Truong et al. 2025
  • wallis2023 - Wallis et al. 2023 Wallis et al. (2023) (doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c08241 <https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c08241>) estimated the human toxicokinetic half-lives for a range of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS).
  • wambaugh2019 - In vitro Toxicokinetic Data from Wambaugh et al.
  • wambaugh2019.nhanes - NHANES Chemical Intake Rates for chemicals in Wambaugh et al.
  • wambaugh2019.raw - Raw Bayesian in vitro Toxicokinetic Data Analysis from Wambaugh et al.
  • wambaugh2019.seem3 - ExpoCast SEEM3 Consensus Exposure Model Predictions for Chemical Intake Rates
  • wambaugh2019.tox21 - Tox21 2015 Active Hit Calls
  • wang2018 - Wang et al. 2018 Wang et al. (2018) screened the blood of 75 pregnant women for the presence of environmental organic acids (EOAs) and identified mass spectral features corresponding to 453 chemical formulae of which 48 could be mapped to likely structures. Of the 48 with tentative structures the identity of six were confirmed with available chemical standards.
  • Wetmore2012 - Published toxicokinetic predictions based on in vitro data from Wetmore et al. 2012.

On CRAN:

Conda:

This package does not link to any Github/Gitlab/R-forge repository. No issue tracker or development information is available.

3.81 score 6 scripts 356 downloads 0 exports 66 dependencies

Last updated from:f98d97a130. Checks:9 OK. Indexed: yes.

TargetResultTimeFilesSyslog
linux-develOK201
source / vignettesOK426
linux-releaseOK188
macos-releaseOK213
macos-oldrelOK228
windows-develOK113
windows-releaseOK121
windows-oldrelOK134
wasm-releaseOK152

Exports:

Dependencies:base64encbslibcachemclicpp11data.tableDBIdeSolvedigestdplyrevaluateexpmfarverfastmapfontawesomefsgenericsggplot2gluegtablehighrhtmltoolshttkisobandjquerylibjsonliteknitrlabelinglatticelifecyclemagrittrMatrixmemoisemimeminqamitoolsmsmmvtnormnumDerivpillarpkgconfigpurrrR6rappdirsrbibutilsRColorBrewerRcppRcppArmadilloRdpackrlangrmarkdownS7sassscalessurveysurvivaltibbletidyselecttinytextruncnormutf8vctrsviridisLitewithrxfunyaml

Pearce et al. (2017): Updated v79i04.R Examples
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare R to run the vignette | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Control run speed | Examples | Making a table | Plotting example | Suppressing Messages | TK Study Summary Statistics | Steady-state Plasma Concentration | Using more sophisticated Monte Carlo | Controlling the random number generator | IVIVE with HTTK | Monte Carlo Simulation of $C_{ss}$ | Solve the full TK time-course | Examine $C_{ss}$ | Adding a tissue | Adding a species | Export functions | Days to steady state histogram | Average vs. maximum concentration

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Ring et al. (2017) HTTK-Pop: Generating subpopulations
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Set up subpopulation specs | Generate populations

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Pearce et al. (2017): Evaluation of Tissue Partitioning
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Wambaugh et al. (2018): Evaluating In Vitro-In Vivo Extrapolation
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Plot functions | Figure Three | Figure Four | Figure Five | Figure Six | Figure Seven | Figure Eight | Figure Nine | Figure Ten | Figure Eleven

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Frank et al. (2018): Neuronal Network IVIVE
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Load the data | Use HTTK to perform IVIVE | This loops through each study design in the table and runs solve_pbtk: | Make the plot

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Honda et al. (2019): Updated Armitage et al. (2014) Model
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Updated Armitage 2014 Top Panel Figure 3 | Plot results

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Wambaugh et al. (2019): Uncertainty Monte Carlo
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Define some needed code: | RMSE and $R^2$ | Multiple plot function | Calculates the $C_{ss}$ using uncertainty only: | This calculates the half-life using uncertainty only: | Figure 1: Histograms depicting the measured values | Figure 2: Distribution of Binding Affinities Employed in Bayesian $f_{up}$ Estimations. | Figure 3: Comparison of Bayesian $f_{up}$ and Uncertainty Estimations to Experimental Point | Figure 4: Comparison of Bayesian $Cl_{int}$ and Uncertainty Estimations to Experimental Point Estimates. | Figure 5: Uncertainty Assessment for TK Quantities half-life and $C_{ss}$. | Figure 6: Relative contributions of uncertainty and variability | Figure 7: High throughput risk-based prioritization | Final statistics:

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Linakis et al. (2020): High Throughput Inhalation Model
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Get metabolism and concentration data | ANALYSIS | Data summary for chemical properties | Exposure scenarios | Observations and Predictions | Write out the study-level figures: | Finish simulated concentration/time plots | Regressions | TABLE AND PLOT GENERATION | Figure 2: overall observed vs. predicted plot | Create and read out plots of overall cvt, cmax, and auc observed vs. pred | Figure 4: Cmax and AUC observed vs. Predicted Values | Figure 3: Separation by chemical class | Figures S1A-S1D: Separation by time quartile and physicochemical properties | Supplemental Table 2: Leave-one-out Chemical Sensitivity Analysis | Supplemental Table 1

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Kapraun et al. (2022): Generic Human Gestational Model
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Prepare custom functions | Number of chemicals | Aylward cord-blood data | Load/format the data | Convert the units: | Compare HTTK predictions with maternal:fetal observations from Aylward 2014 | Aylward Ratio figures: | Clean up repeated observations: | Cord Blood Ratio Predictions without Fup Adjustement: | Generate text for results section: | Cord Blood Ratio Predictions with Fup Adjustement: | Examine performance when excluding certain chemical classes: | Evaluation of Area Under the Curve Predictions | Predict AUC | Generate AUC Predicted vs. Observed Figure | Evaluation of Partition Coefficient Predictions | Predict partition coefficients | Create Observed vs. Predicted Plot | First indicate compound: | Then indicate tissues: | Compare httk partition coefficients with PKsim: | Chemical Prioritization on the Basis of Fetal Brain Concentration | Make predictions for fetal:maternal plasma ratio using three daily doses from week 13 to full term | Create final table holding all predictions for paper: | Error in fetal:maternal ratio (inverse of maternal:fetal ratio): | brain:plasma partitioning | brain:plasma uncertainty partitioning | Combine different ratio predicitons together for figure | Make prioritization figure: | Look at ionization state: | Evaluate any value added by PBPK model over just using partition coefficients: | Repeat analysis without fetal protein binding change: | Protein Binding Figures | Plot the fetal protein binding changes predicted: | Maternal-Fetal Predictions across HTTK Chemical Library: | Histogram of maternal-fetal ratio | Statistics on maternal-fetal ratio for full HTTK library | Examine Maternal-Fetal ratio Predictions without fetaul Fup correction: | Supplemental Histogram of maternal-fetal ratio without Fup correction | Statistics on maternal-fetal ratio for full HTTK library without Fup correction | Code used to create data distributed with vignette

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Truong et al. (2025): Full Human Gestational IVIVE
Overview | HTTK Version | eval = execute.vignette | Data Import | Load libraries | IVIVE using 3-compartment steady state model | Examine Chemicals | In silico predictions of TK parameters | Examine missing chemicals | Predicting AEDs based on Css50 (in plasma) | Load ExpoCast predictions (SEEM3) | IVIVE using the Full Human Gestational Model | Compute half-lives | Simulate full-term human pregnancy model | Calculate AEDs by Target and Tissue | Figure 9: Priority Chemicals based on maternal-fetal BERs | Comparing IVIVE models based on BER prioritization | Table 8 | Figure 10: Understanding and Interpreting Maternal-Fetal BERs | Code used to create data distributed with vignette

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Wambaugh (Submitted): HTTK for PFAS
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Session Preparation | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Function to calculate root mean squared log10 error | Analysis of Crizer et al. (2023) $Cl_{int}$ data | Methods | Evaluate Ratio Blood:Plasma Predictions | Evaluate Membrane Affinity Predictions | New In Vitro TK Parameters | Examine Kbloodair | HTTK Interspecies Clearance Differences | Remove Rat-specific HTTK data: | Add bioavailability predictions | Compare default httk against in vivo clearance data: | Add in Dawson 2023 predictions for later | Calculate human:species clearance ratios | Add non-PFAS clearances from literature | Evaluating Machine Learning Model for PFAS TK | New HTTK Model for PFAS | Text for manuscript | Other Analyses

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Meade (submitted): High Throughput Dermal Exposure Model
Abstract | HTTK Version | Table of Contents (added by AG 01/02/2024) | Prepare for session | eval = FALSE | Set working directory and install packages | Result 1: Model Verification using In Vivo Data | Step One: Load Data | Display which chemicals are being looked at | Step Two: Clean and Format Data | Step Three: Simulate Data | Simulation Set-Up | Simulations: Nested For Loops | Step Four: Calculate Root Mean Squared Log10 Errors (RMSLE) | Step Five: Plot Simulations | Results 2: IVIVE | Step Two: Load Chemical Data | Step Three: Clean Data (Only Non-Volatiles and a few of the Semi-Volatiles from the validation study) | Step Four: Compute Q10.AC50 (and other parameters of interest) | Step Five: Conduct In Vitro to In Vivo Extrapolation | Save data | Step Six: Plot Results

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Characterizing Accuracy of Model Predictions for Chemical Concentration in High Throughput Screening Assays
Abstract | HTTK Version | Prepare for session | Clear the memory | eval = execute.vignette | Load the relevant libraries | Data Collection | Load and format the data | Run the in vitro distribution models | Manipulate data and prep for plotting | Main Paper Plots: | Figure 1: | Figure 2: | Figure 3: | Figure 4: | Figure 5: | Main Paper Calculations: | Over/underestimation | Effect of water solubility value for Cyclosporin A | Effect of experimentally measured nominal dose | Table S1. | Table S2. In vitro assay descriptors for the measurements | Table S3: | Table S4: | Table S5: | Table S6. | Table S7: | Table S8: | Table S9: | Table S10: | Table S11: | Figure S1:

Last update: 2025-12-10
Started: 2025-12-10

Readme and manuals

Help Manual

Help pageTopics
Abraham et al. 2024 Abraham et al. (2024) (doi:10.1016/j.envint.2024.109047 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2024.109047>) determined the half-lives of 15 per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in a single male volunteer.Abraham2024 abraham2024
Parameters for in vitro distribution analysis in Honda et al. (2019) Honda et al. (2019) (doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0217564 <https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0217564>) used the Armitage et al. (2014) (doi:10.1021/es501955g <https://doi.org/10.1021/es501955g>) mass-balance model to predict the impact of in vitro partitioning on free chemical concentrations.Armitage_input armitage_input
Aylward et al. 2014Aylward2014 aylward2014
Concentration data involved in Linakis 2020 vignette analysis.concentration_data_Linakis2020
Non-volatile chemicals with ToxCast data Meade et al. (submitted) performed in vitro-in vivo extrapolation for dermal exposures assuming 8 hours of exposure via hands submerged in a liquid with 1 ppm of chemical. These were the chemicals analyzed.dermal.nonvolatilechems
Chemicals with ToxCast data for Meade et al. (submitted) chemicals Meade et al. (submitted) performed in vitro-in vivo extrapolation for dermal exposures assuming 8 hours of exposure via hands submerged in a liquid with 1 ppm of chemical. These are the ToxCast in vitro screening data for those chemicals.dermal.toxcast
Toxicokinetic concentration vs. time (CvT) data for Meade et al. (submitted) chemicals Meade et al. (submitted) evaluated a generic PBTK model for dermal exposure using in vivo CvT data curated from the literature. These data will eventually be incorporated in the the CvTdb (Sayre et al., 2020, doi:10.1038/s41597-020-0455-1 <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0455-1>).dermalCvT2025
Dimitrijevic et al. (2022)In Vitro Cellular and Nominal ConcentrationDimitrijevic.IVD
Fetal Partition CoefficientsfetalPCs fetalpcs
Literature In Vivo Data on Doses Causing Neurological EffectsFrank2018invivo
Howgate et al. (2006)howgate
Huh et al. 2011 Huh et al. (2011) (doi:10.3109/00498254.2011.598582 <https://doi.org/10.3109/00498254.2011.598582>) provided interspecies allometric scaling parameters for whole body clearance for a a variety of pharmaceuticals.Huh2011 huh2011
Johnson et al. (2006)johnson
Simulation outputs from Meade et al. (submitted) Meade et al. (submitted) performed generic PBTK simulations for dermal exposure under a variety of assumptions. Although the code to recreate these simulations is provided, it is time-intensive. The 2025 outputs from the simulations are stored in this list of data.frames.Meade2025 meade2025
Metabolism data involved in Linakis et al. 2020 (doi:10.1038/s41370-020-0238-y <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-020-0238-y>) vignette analysis.metabolism_data_Linakis2020
Published Pharmacokinetic Parameters from Obach et al. 2008Obach2008
NHANES Exposure Dataonlyp
Partition Coefficient Datapc.data
DRUGS|NORMAN: Pharmaceutical List with EU, Swiss, US Consumption Datapharma
Partition Coefficients from PK-Simpksim.pcs
AUCs for Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Womenpregnonpregaucs
Literature Measurements of In Vitro Cellular and Nominal ConcentrationScherer2025.IVD
Supplementary output from Linakis 2020 vignette analysis.supptab1_Linakis2020
More supplementary output from Linakis 2020 vignette analysis.supptab2_Linakis2020
ToxCast thyroid-related bioactivity datathyroid.ac50s
SEEM3 Example Data for Truong et al. 2025truong25.seem3
Wallis et al. 2023 Wallis et al. (2023) (doi:10.1021/acs.est.2c08241 <https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c08241>) estimated the human toxicokinetic half-lives for a range of per- and poly-fluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS).Wallis2023 wallis2023
in vitro Toxicokinetic Data from Wambaugh et al. (2019)wambaugh2019
NHANES Chemical Intake Rates for chemicals in Wambaugh et al. (2019)wambaugh2019.nhanes
Raw Bayesian in vitro Toxicokinetic Data Analysis from Wambaugh et al. (2019)wambaugh2019.raw
ExpoCast SEEM3 Consensus Exposure Model Predictions for Chemical Intake Rateswambaugh2019.seem3
Tox21 2015 Active Hit Calls (EPA)wambaugh2019.tox21
Wang et al. 2018 Wang et al. (2018) screened the blood of 75 pregnant women for the presence of environmental organic acids (EOAs) and identified mass spectral features corresponding to 453 chemical formulae of which 48 could be mapped to likely structures. Of the 48 with tentative structures the identity of six were confirmed with available chemical standards.Wang2018 wang2018
Published toxicokinetic predictions based on in vitro data from Wetmore et al. 2012.Wetmore2012